ZMZ-406
The ZMZ-406 is the 2.3-litre 16-valve four fitted to the Volga and GAZelle, and it is the most modern engine among the CIS road presets: four valves per cylinder, fuel injection, and a 92 mm bore that leaves room for genuinely large valve area. Its 9.3:1 compression is conservative, which leaves an obvious line of enquiry for anyone modelling it. The preset is a good demonstration of how much of an engine's character comes from its head rather than its bottom end — the four-valve port geometry is what separates it from the two-valve presets of similar size. The calculator returns the complete cycle and the dynamic loads.
Preset parameters
Values below are the preset the calculator loads — you can change every one of them in the form. Angles are absolute crank angle (CA) on a 0–720° cycle.
Reference figures
Manufacturer figures carried by the preset for comparison. They are reference values, not calculator output.
Notes for modelling
- Four valves mean two intake and two exhaust seats; the preset's port diameters already reflect that flow area.
- Raising compression is the first modification most tuners model on this engine — the calculator quantifies it directly.
- Peak pressure carries over to the stress calculator for a rod and stud check.